On The Diary of a CEO, economist Steve Keen argued that the only thing likely to slow the race for frontier AI is its sheer cost and the physical resources it needs — and that the company left standing will be Chinese. Other speakers pushed back with military necessity and the long unprofitable years of earlier internet giants, and Keen pointed to the recent Kimi release as his example.
Asked about allegations that Chinese labs extracted capabilities from Claude, Alvin Graylin argued that access to another model’s answers cannot explain every engineering advance. The Moonshots exchange turned on three distinctions: legitimate distillation versus prohibited extraction, query bills versus development costs, and learning from outputs versus improving the machinery behind them.
Alvin Graylin argues that AI can become more useful while earning less for the companies financing its infrastructure. His warning centers on cheaper models and local computing weakening cloud revenues, just as NVIDIA proposes financing platforms intended to mobilize more than $500 billion of outside capital.
Meta’s Muse Glimmer is a 30-billion-parameter model designed to run agents on personal computers. Alongside Mark Zuckerberg’s vision of personal superintelligence, it prompted a Moonshots debate about whether open models put users in charge—or strengthen the company that already owns their favorite apps.
NVIDIA has signed memorandums with six financial institutions aiming to mobilize more than $500 billion in outside capital for customers’ AI infrastructure. On Moonshots, the panel debated whether rapidly changing chips can support long-term investments: Salim Ismail warned of stranded assets, Alex argued for financial hedges, and Emad Mostaque explained why older, paid-off GPUs can keep earning.